Glossary
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| a.a.r | Against all risks | Against all risks: one of the conditions of an insurance policy whereby the insurance is valid against all types of risks, including physical destruction and damage to the cargo. However, the policy may specify exclusions to which the insurance cover does not apply. |
| ADR | European Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods bу road | Agreement adopted in Europe on the international transportation of dangerous goods by road. |
| AFRA | Average Freight Rate Assessment | Estimation of average freight rates. The rate is determined by taking into account the costs of operating a marine vessel. There is a different freight rate for each individual transaction (more often used for those who charter entire vessels). |
| AETR | European Agreement concerning the work of crews of vehicles engaged in international road transport | An agreement adopted in Europe affecting the activities of road transport crews who perform international road freight transport. |
| АТА | Actual Time of Arrival | Actual time of arrival. The term means the actual time of arrival of a shipment at its destination with a fixed time in hours and minutes. |
| АТР | Agreement for the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs | An agreement regulating the rules of transportation of perishable food products. Cargo transportation can be carried out both by road and air transport. |
| ATD | Actual Time of Departure | Actual time of departure or departure. The term indicates the actual time at which the shipment was dispatched or departed from the point of departure. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| В.С | Bulk cargo | The term indicates bulk transportation of cargoes: bulk, bulk, liquid. Such cargoes include: grain, sugar, edible salt, ore, potash fertilizers, oil and oil products. |
| B.W | Bonded warehouse | Shipments that have not been able to clear customs go to a special warehouse – Bonded warehouse. |
| B/L | Bill of lading | B/L stands for Bill of Lading, a document that proves that the carrier has accepted the specified cargo. The document is issued by the carrier to the owner of the goods. A bill of lading is a certificate of ownership of the goods shipped. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| CASS | Cargo Accounts Settlement System (IATA) | A system developed by IATA, the international air transport association, aimed at regulating freight settlement accounts. Thanks to this system, freight forwarding and logistics companies that provide ground transportation can collect settlements from air cargo carriers. |
| CCD | Customs Cargo Declaration | The movement of goods across the customs border is strictly regulated by the Customs Declaration of Goods (Customs Cargo Declaration). This document is valid for both exports and imports. The declaration is drawn up by the person responsible for the cargo and certified by a customs inspector. Only with the declaration can the goods cross the state border. |
| CCL | Customs clearance | Customs clearance is a procedure that allows you to legalize the movement of cargo across the state border. Customs clearance includes customs clearance of documents, payment of duties, taxes and other procedures. |
| CFR | Cost and freight (Incoterms) | The term denotes cost and freight. In accordance with Incoterms, the seller must pay for the delivery of the goods to the port and for the loading of the goods and freight of the seagoing vessel. The seller must also pay for customs procedures for the export of the goods. After the goods have arrived at the port and left the vessel, all costs associated with their subsequent loading are borne by the buyer. |
| CIF | Cost, insurance and freight (Incoterms) | The term denotes cost, insurance and freight. In accordance with Incoterms, the seller must pay for the delivery of the goods to the port, their loading on board the vessel and freight, insurance for the transportation of the goods. |
| CIM | International Convention Concerning the Carriage of Goods bу Railway | A convention adopted worldwide, which is a multilateral agreement governing passenger and freight transportation by rail. |
| CIP | Carriage and insurance paid to (Incoterms) | According to Incoterms, the term means that the carriage and insurance of the goods have been paid for to the place of destination. That is, the seller will deliver the goods to the specific consignee. |
| CIS | Corporate informational system | A corporate information system to which a limited number of people have access. Such a system can be scaled. It is used to automate the business activities of an enterprise, company or group of companies, where it is necessary to harmonize the unity of management of all processes. |
| CNEE | Consignee | In transportation documentation, this term refers to the recipient of the cargo. |
| COTIF | Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail (CIM-CIV) | Convention, adopted as an agreement in force worldwide, on the general rules for the carriage of passengers and goods for various purposes by rail. |
| СРТ | Carriage paid to (Incoterms) | An Incoterms term that indicates that transportation is paid to destination. The carrier pays all freight charges and the consignee pays insurance. |
| СТD | Combined transport document | The document indicates that the transportation of cargo is carried out by two or more modes of transport. |
| CRM | Customer Relationship Management | The term denotes customer relationship management aimed at automating the company’s interaction with the customer. The task of such management is to optimize the marketing campaign, increase sales, and improve service. |
| CSC | International Convention on the Safe Transport of Containers (UN) | A convention adopted worldwide in the form of an agreement that defines common rules for safe containerized cargo transportation. The Convention is adopted by the United Nations. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| DDP | Delivered duty paid (Incoterms) | An Incoterms term that indicates that the seller is relieved of responsibility for the goods once they are delivered to the buyer. Also DDP indicates that the shipment is delivered duty paid. That is, the seller is responsible for customs clearance. |
| DDU | Delivered duty unpaid (Incoterms) | The seller is fully responsible for the goods until they are delivered to the buyer. But duties and other charges to be paid on importation are the responsibility of the buyer. DDU indicates that the goods are delivered by the seller without payment of duty. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| EDI | Electronic Data Interchange | Indicates a technology that allows for the electronic exchange of data. EDI allows the exchange of various information between organizations. Commercial data is exchanged digitally, taking into account the accepted message standard and format. |
| ETD | Expected Time of Departure | The time (date, hours and minutes) of the expected departure (departure, departure or departure). |
| ЕТА | Expected Time of Arrival | Time (date, hours and minutes) of expected arrival (pickup, arrival). |
| ETS | Expected Time of Sailing | Time (date, hours and minutes) of the expected departure of the water transport. |
| EXW | Ех works (Incoterms) | The term refers to a place (enterprise, warehouse) where the seller delivers goods to the buyer, who is obliged to pick up and deliver the goods to the destination. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| FCA | Free carrier (Incoterms) | The free carrier in Incoterms is the seller who delivers the goods cleared of export duties to the carrier. The choice of the person who will subsequently transport the goods is the responsibility of the buyer, who specifies the place of delivery. |
| FCL | Full container load | Indicates that the container will be filled completely. In this case the cargo is also marked FCL – for full load. |
| FOB | Free on bоаrd (Incoterms) | The term stands for “Free on Board” or “Free on Board”. FOB indicates that the seller is obliged to deliver the goods on board the vessel. Once the goods have been shipped on board, all responsibility for the cargo passes to the buyer. |
| FWC | Full loaded weight & capacity (container) | The term stands for “utilizing the load and cargo capacity of the container”. Standard 20 and 40-foot containers are used in the trucking industry. In practice, FCL means that the entire container is intended for a single consignee. Also, the term indicates that the load on the container has reached its allowable maximum weight or its full capacity (volume). Extremely rarely used. |
| FAS | Free alongside ship (Incoterms) | The trade term “free alongside the ship” indicates that the seller himself pays all costs of bringing the goods to the port of departure. The seller is responsible as long as the goods are placed at the quay. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| G.C.R. | General cargo rates | Denotes the tariff or rate for the transportation of general (packaged) cargo. |
| G.С. | General cargo | General cargo that is transported in packaging. It can be piece goods packed in boxes, bags, bales, containers, barrels. Transportation of such goods requires preparation unlike bulk or bulk cargo. |
| GDP | Gross domestic product | Gross Domestic Product or GDP shows the commercial value of the total amount of goods and services produced during the year. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| HAWB | House Air Waybill | A domestic air waybill is a document issued by freight forwarding organizations that combine different shipments of goods into one. The paper specifies the consignee of the shipment, which is another freight forwarding company. The task of the consignee is to accept the batch of goods and break it down into separate shipments. The release of such consignments takes place on internal air waybills to the final addressees. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| IATA | International Air Transport Association | An international non-governmental organization of airlines. The Air Transport Association has more than 120 offices worldwide. |
| ICT | Internal Customs Transit | Internal customs transit refers to the procedure whereby goods of foreign origin are transported between bonded warehouses and bonded warehouses without payment of duties and other tax obligations. The term applies to goods that have arrived at a seaport and are transported to a place of further customs clearance. |
| IMDG | International Maritime Dangerous Goods Соdе | A code adopted worldwide for the designation of dangerous goods transported by water transport. The code is based on the UN recommendations for the transportation of dangerous goods. IMDG allows to ensure safe transportation of dangerous goods by marine vessels, as well as protection of crew and environment from contamination by chemicals, etc. The IMDG code is based on the UN Recommendations for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| Kyoto Convention | International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures (1973) (ССС Convention) | The International Kyoto Convention, adopted in 1973, is a universal legal act that regulates (simplifies, harmonizes) virtually all customs procedures. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| LCL | Less than Container Load | The term indicates that the shipment being transported is smaller than a standard 20 or 40 foot container can hold. |
| LTL | Less than Truck Load | The term indicates that the shipment of cargo being transported is smaller than a car tent can accommodate. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| МАСН | Modular Automated Container Handling | A system designed to automate the handling of containers intended for freight transportation. |
| МТО | Multimodal Transport Operator | A multimodal freight operator is a freight forwarder who organizes all stages of cargo transportation from the sender to the final consignee. The list of services also includes insurance and document management. |
| MAWB | Master Air Waybill | Denotes an international air waybill issued by an airline. |
| MTD | Multimodal Transport Document | A multimodal transportation document that certifies the multimodal transportation contract. This includes the freight forwarder’s acceptance of the shipment and his obligation to make the delivery according to the terms of the contract. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| NAOCC | Non Aircraft Operating Соmmon Carrier | A transportation carrier that transports goods from the shipper to the final destination. Such a carrier may issue bills of lading but does not own air transport. |
| NAWB | Neutral Air Waybill (forwarders Air Waybill) | A consignment note that is issued by freight forwarders for air cargo shipments. As a rule, the operator bundles prefabricated shipments of cargo. |
| NVOCC | Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier | A transport carrier that carries goods from the sender to the final destination. Such a carrier may issue bills of lading, but does not own a |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| OB/L | Ocean Bill of Lading | A sea bill of lading is a document that is issued by the carrier to the customer after payment of freight and transfer of customs and port documentation. The documents to be transferred must be up to date for each specific country. The carrier is a sea or ocean shipping line. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| P&D | Pick uр and Delivery | The term refers to the collection of a shipment and its door-to-door delivery (handover) to the final addressee. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| QMS | Quality Management System | Quality management system – a set of business processes that are aimed at consistently meeting customer requirements and increasing customer satisfaction. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| R.I. | Reinsurance | Reinsurance or secondary insurance for insurers is a procedure that allows an insurance agent to accept customer risks that are too large for one insurance company to handle. |
| RID | International regulations concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by rail | Rules adopted worldwide governing the international transportation of dangerous goods by rail. |
| RO/RO | Roll-on/Roll-off | The term refers to a water vehicle (vessel) that uses a horizontal method of loading and unloading cargo. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| SCR | Specific Commodity Rate | A rate or tariff charged for the transportation of special (valuable) cargo. |
| SOP | Standard Operations Proceduring | The term refers to a standard operating procedure. |
| SRM | Supplier Relationship Management | An information system, module or group of modules aimed at managing relationships with suppliers. SRM automates the company’s strategy, allows to increase the level of procurement management, optimize procurement processes, improve customer service through proper work with several suppliers at once. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| ТАСТ | The Air Cargo Tariff (IATA) | The tariff or rate to be paid for the transportation of goods by air. |
| TEU | Twenty foot Equivalent Unit (containers) | TEU is the designation for a heavy-duty 20-foot container. International unit of measurement. |
| TIR | Customs Convention on the international transport of goods under cover of TIR carnets (for international road transport) | An international agreement adopted in Geneva in 1975 to establish a system of freight transportation with simplified clearance of goods at border crossings. TIR Carnets, a customs transit document that allows goods to be transported in sealed tents/containers under a simplified customs scheme, are used for the transportation of goods. |
| TL | Trade Lane | A trade lane is a fixed route for freight transportation from one country to another. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| ULD | Unit Load Device (aircraft) | In airplanes, ULD refers to an attachment that is used for loading and unloading large loads. |
| Abbreviation | Full title | Determination |
| VAT | Value Added Tax | VAT – value added tax. |
| VIC | Very Important Cargo | This is the term used for very important cargoes that require special transportation and safety conditions. |
| VIO | Very Important Object | This is how a very important subject or goal is labeled. |
| VOCC | Vessel Operating Common Carrier | An actual carrier that owns its own marine vessel. |